Calamus (Sweet Flag) and its Biblical Significance

The question concerns the characteristics of Calamus (Sweet Flag), its potential biblical relevance, and its safety for human consumption. We will examine its physical properties, toxicity, historical uses, and regulatory status to address the query comprehensively.

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Calamus, also known as Sweet Flag (Acorus calamus), is a plant with a history of use in various cultures. Its height, toxicity, and potential biblical connections are key aspects to consider.

Height and Physical Characteristics

Calamus typically grows to a height of 1 to 3.5 feet.[1] This information is crucial for visualizing the plant and assessing its potential interaction with a person, such as Jesus.

Toxicity

Calamus contains β-asarone, a compound that has been identified as carcinogenic.[2] The toxicity of calamus is dose-dependent; while small amounts might not pose an immediate threat, larger quantities can be harmful.

Biblical Use and Interpretation

The traditional interpretation of "kaneh-bosem" in the Bible has often been linked to calamus.[3] However, this identification is not universally accepted, and other plants have also been proposed. The exact plant used in biblical times remains a subject of scholarly debate.

FDA Status and Consumption

The U.S. Food and Drug Administration (FDA) has banned calamus for human consumption since 1968 due to the presence of β-asarone.[4] This regulatory action underscores the health risks associated with ingesting the plant.

Regional Archaeology

Archaeological evidence regarding the ritual use of calamus in ancient Israel is limited or nonexistent.[5] This lack of evidence complicates the understanding of its role in the region's historical practices.

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