Here's an analysis of the hyssop/hemp question in John 19:29, considering the height discrepancy and alternative interpretations.

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The passage in John 19:29 states, "A jar full of sour wine stood there; so they put a sponge full of the wine on a branch of hyssop and put it up to his mouth." This verse presents a challenge because hyssop, a low-growing plant, seems inadequate for reaching the height of a crucified person. The Synoptic Gospels (Matthew, Mark, and Luke) mention a "reed" (Greek kalamos) being used, which is more likely to be a tall stalk, potentially a hemp stalk. This discrepancy has led to various interpretations.

Two main explanations are offered to reconcile this apparent contradiction:

The primary issue revolves around the practical impossibility of using hyssop, a plant typically growing to a height of 1.5-2 feet, to reach the mouth of someone crucified. The height of a crucifixion would necessitate a much taller implement.

1. Theological Typology: John may be intentionally invoking imagery from Exodus 12:22, where hyssop is used in the Passover ritual to apply blood to the doorposts. This connection would highlight the sacrificial nature of Jesus' death, drawing a parallel between the Passover lamb and Christ. This interpretation emphasizes the symbolic meaning over the literal description of the event.

The most plausible explanation is that the author of John's Gospel used hyssop to invoke the imagery of Exodus 12:22, emphasizing the theological significance of the event.

2. Scribal Error or Semantic Drift: The Greek word hyssōpos (hyssop) might have, in some contexts, referred to other aromatic stalks, potentially including hemp. This suggests a possible scribal error or a semantic shift in the meaning of the word over time. The term kalamos (reed) used in the Synoptic Gospels supports the idea of a taller stalk being used.

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