Calamus vs. Cannabis: Botanical Analysis

Cannabis Sativa Characteristics

The question asks for a comparison between Calamus and Cannabis, specifically focusing on why the traditional translation of "kaneh-bosem" as calamus is questionable, and instead, suggesting Cannabis sativa. The provided text offers characteristics of Cannabis sativa to support this claim. Let's analyze the provided information and support it with authoritative sources.

Height

The text highlights three key characteristics of Cannabis sativa: height, non-toxicity, and archaeological confirmation. Let's examine each point with supporting evidence.

The text states that Cannabis sativa can reach a height of "16–20+ ft (matches crucifixion and temple measuring reed requirements)". This suggests that the plant's height is relevant to its potential use in historical contexts, such as the construction of the cross or for measuring in temples.

Non-Toxicity

While the height of Cannabis sativa can vary depending on the specific strain and growing conditions, it is well-documented that it can indeed reach significant heights. Some sources confirm that Cannabis sativa can grow to impressive heights. For example, some varieties can grow up to 20 feet or more under optimal conditions.[1] This height aligns with the claim made in the prompt.

The text claims that Cannabis sativa is "Non-toxic (safe for medicinal and sacred use)". This statement requires careful consideration. While Cannabis sativa is generally considered non-toxic in the sense that it is not inherently poisonous, it's important to clarify that this refers to the plant itself and not necessarily its psychoactive compounds.

Archaeological Confirmation

The primary psychoactive compound in Cannabis sativa is tetrahydrocannabinol (THC). While THC is not typically lethal, it can cause psychoactive effects. However, the plant itself is not inherently poisonous. Furthermore, the text mentions "safe for medicinal and sacred use". The medicinal use of cannabis is supported by a growing body of research, and it is used in various cultures for sacred purposes.

The text mentions "Archaeologically confirmed (Tel Arad THC residues)". This refers to the discovery of cannabis residue at the Tel Arad archaeological site in Israel. This is a crucial piece of evidence supporting the use of cannabis in ancient times.

Conclusion

The discovery at Tel Arad is significant. Researchers found cannabis residue on an altar in a Judean shrine dating back to the 8th century BCE. This finding provides direct evidence of cannabis use in religious rituals during that period.[2] This supports the claim that Cannabis sativa was used in ancient times.

Based on the analysis, the provided characteristics of Cannabis sativa are supported by scientific and historical evidence. The height of the plant, its non-toxic nature (in terms of the plant itself), and the archaeological evidence from Tel Arad all contribute to the argument that Cannabis sativa is a plausible candidate for the plant referred to as "kaneh-bosem". The characteristics provided in the prompt, specifically the height, non-toxicity, and archaeological confirmation (Tel Arad THC residues), support the identification of Cannabis sativa as a potential candidate for the plant in question.

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