The ICD-10-CM code F19.10, "Other psychoactive substance abuse, uncomplicated," is a specific, billable code used for diagnostic and reimbursement purposes in the United States healthcare system [1] [3]. This code falls under the broader category of "Mental, Behavioral and Neurodevelopmental disorders" (F01-F99) and more specifically, "Other psychoactive substance related disorders" (F19) [1] [4]. The 2025 edition of ICD-10-CM F19.10 became effective on October 1, 2024 [1]. It is applicable to cases of "Other (or unknown) substance use disorder, mild" [1] [3].

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This code is utilized when an individual exhibits abuse of a psychoactive substance that is not explicitly categorized under other specific ICD-10 codes, such as those for alcohol (F10), opioids (F11), cannabis (F12), sedatives/hypnotics (F13), cocaine (F14), other stimulants (F15), hallucinogens (F16), or inhalants (F18) [4] [5]. The term "uncomplicated" signifies that the abuse is not accompanied by additional complications like withdrawal symptoms, intoxication, delirium, or other substance-induced disorders [3] [5]. For instance, while nicotine dependence has its own code (F17), some systems might incorrectly categorize tobacco abuse under F19.10 if a more specific "abuse" option isn't readily available for nicotine [6].

To accurately apply F19.10, healthcare providers assess several diagnostic criteria. These include recurrent use of an unclassified psychoactive substance, leading to a failure in fulfilling major obligations at work, school, or home [5]. The individual may also engage in substance use in physically hazardous situations, experience recurrent legal problems, or continue use despite persistent social or interpersonal issues caused or exacerbated by the substance [5]. Crucially, for F19.10, there should be no evidence of substance dependence (e.g., tolerance, withdrawal, compulsive use patterns) and no significant medical or psychiatric complications directly resulting from the substance use [5].

For treatment and management associated with ICD-10-CM F19.10, various Current Procedural Terminology (CPT) codes may be applicable for billing purposes. These can include Evaluation and Management (E/M) services (99201-99215), psychotherapy services (90832-90838), alcohol and/or drug assessments (H0001), behavioral health counseling and therapy (H0004), self-help/peer services (H0038), and structured assessment and intervention services (G0396-G0397, 99408-99409) [5]. These codes facilitate the documentation and billing for services provided to patients with uncomplicated abuse of other psychoactive substances [5].

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