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The question asks about the major signs of the Day of Judgment in Islam. To answer this, I will consult authoritative sources on Islamic eschatology. The provided content from en.wikipedia.org and islam365.io will be used, along with my own knowledge.

Islamic eschatology, a fundamental part of Islamic belief, details the events surrounding the end of the world and the afterlife.[1] The Day of Judgment (Yawm al-Qiyāmah) is a central tenet, with belief in the Last Day being one of the six pillars of faith.[2] The signs of the Day of Judgment are divided into minor and major signs. The minor signs are more ordinary events, while the major signs are extraordinary, cosmic, and supernatural events that will occur near the end of time.[2]

The major signs include:

The major signs, as described in authentic hadiths, are ten in number, although the appearance of the Mahdi is often included as a precursor.[2] These signs are expected to unfold in a specific order, signaling the imminent arrival of the final Hour.[2]

These signs are not scattered randomly but will unfold in quick succession once they begin.[2] The Quran and hadith provide the most detailed information about these signs.[2]

• The Appearance of the Mahdi (Guided Leader): A pious leader, a descendant of Prophet Muhammad, will emerge to restore justice.[2]
• The Emergence of the False Messiah (Al-Masīḥ ad-Dajjāl): The Dajjal, a great deceiver, will claim to be the Messiah and perform miracles to mislead people.[2]
• The Second Coming of Prophet Jesus (ʿĪsā ibn Maryam): Prophet Jesus will return to Earth to defeat the Dajjal and establish justice.[2]
• The Release of Gog and Magog (Yaʾjūj wa Maʾjūj): Gog and Magog, two wild tribes, will be released from behind a barrier and cause destruction.[2]
• Three Great Land Subsidence (Earthquakes/ Landslides): Catastrophic land collapses will occur in the East, West, and Arabian Peninsula.[2]
• The Smoke (Ad-Dukhān): A great smoke will envelop the earth, causing suffering.[2]
• The Beast of the Earth (Dābbat al-Arḍ): A unique creature will emerge from the earth to mark people as believers or disbelievers.[2]
• The Sun Rising from the West: The sun will rise from the west, closing the door of repentance.[2]
• The Spreading Fire that Gathers People: A massive fire will erupt from Yemen and drive people to their final gathering place.[2]

The Quran mentions several of these signs, including the return of Jesus, the smoke, the Beast from the Earth, and the release of Gog and Magog.[2] The hadith, particularly the one narrated by Hudhayfah ibn Asid, outlines the ten major signs.[2]

Scholars from all four schools of thought (Hanafi, Maliki, Shafi’i, and Hanbali) have discussed these signs, and there is a broad consensus on their authenticity.[2] Modern scholars continue to uphold these signs, emphasizing their importance in strengthening faith and motivating righteous living.[2]

Belief in these signs has several implications for Muslims today, including strengthening faith, urging repentance, steadfastness during trials, avoiding sensationalism, and promoting moral reform.[2]

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