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Types of Viruses Used in Chicken Vaccines
Chickens receive vaccines made from various types of viruses, including:
- Inactivated or killed viruses
- Live attenuated viruses
- Recombinant virus vector vaccines
Recombinant Virus Vector Vaccines
Recombinant virus vector vaccines are made by incorporating genetic material from one or more pathogens into a viral vector. The viral vectors used in chicken vaccines include:
- Fowl poxvirus (FPV)
- Fowl adenovirus (FAdV)
- Newcastle disease virus (NDV)
- Marek's disease virus (MDV)
- Herpesvirus of turkey (HVT)
Examples of Recombinant Virus Vector Vaccines
Examples of recombinant virus vector vaccines used in chickens include:
- Recombinant HVT (rHVT) vaccines, which have been used to protect against Marek's disease, Newcastle disease, and avian influenza
- Recombinant FPV (rFPV) vaccines, which have been used to protect against Newcastle disease, avian influenza, and other diseases
- Recombinant NDV (rNDV) vaccines, which have been used to protect against Newcastle disease and other diseases
Advantages of Recombinant Virus Vector Vaccines
Recombinant virus vector vaccines have several advantages, including:
- They can provide protection against multiple diseases simultaneously
- They can be administered via subcutaneous injection at 1-day-old or in ovo
- They can induce a protective immune response in the presence of maternal antibodies
- They offer long-term immune protection
Challenges in Developing Vector Vaccines
Despite the advantages of recombinant virus vector vaccines, there are challenges in developing these vaccines, including:
- The need to optimize the insertion site and promoter for foreign gene expression
- The potential for interference with maternal antibodies
- The risk of virulence reversion or genetic instability
Authoritative Sources
- The information provided is based on the content from the sources https://pmc.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/articles/PMC9230070/ and https://pmc.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/articles/PMC11209050/.↩
- These sources provide an overview of viral vaccines and vaccination regimens available for common avian viral infections, and strategies for developing safer and more efficacious viral vaccines for poultry.↩
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https//pmc.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov › articles › PMC11209050
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